Comparative+Effectiveness+Research

=**Comparative Effectiveness Research (N=9)**=


 * Definition 1:** Is the conduct and synthesis of research comparing the benefits and harms of different interventions and strategies to prevent, diagnose, treat and monitor health conditions in “real world” settings. The purpose of this research is to improve health outcomes by developing and disseminating evidence-based information to patients, clinicians, and other decision-makers, responding to their expressed needs, about which interventions are most effective for which patients under specific circumstances.
 * Source:** http://deainfo.nci.nih.gov/advisory/ctac/0310/presentations/Croyle.pdf
 * Focus:** Health
 * Date added:** 05/29/2011


 * Definition 2:** Is the direct comparison of existing health care interventions to determine which work best for which patients and which pose the greatest benefits and harms. The core question of comparative effectiveness research is which treatment works best, for whom, and under what circumstances.
 * Source:** Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparative_effectiveness_research
 * Focus:** Health
 * Date added:** 05/29/2011


 * Definition 3:** Is simply a rigorous evaluation of the impact of different options that are available for treating a given medical condition for a particular set of patients. Such a study may compare similar treatments, such as competing drugs, or it may analyze very different approaches, such as surgery and drug therapy. The analysis may focus only on the relative medical benefits and risks of each option, or it may also weigh both the costs and the benefits of those options. In some cases, a given treatment may prove to be more effective clinically or more cost-effective for a broad range of patients, but frequently a key issue is determining which specific types of patients would benefit most from it.
 * Source:** http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/88xx/doc8891/12-18-ComparativeEffectiveness.pdf
 * Focus:** Health
 * Date added:** 05/29/2011


 * Definition 4:** Is the conduct and synthesis of systematic research comparing different interventions and strategies to prevent, diagnose, treat and monitor health conditions. The purpose of this research is to inform patients, providers, and decision-makers, responding to their expressed needs, about which interventions are most effective for which patients under specific circumstances.
 * Source:** http://www.hhs.gov/recovery/programs/cer/draftdefinition.html
 * Focus:** Health
 * Date added:** 05/29/2011


 * Definition 5:** Is the generation and synthesis of evidence that compares the benefits and harms of alternative methods to prevent, diagnose, treat, and monitor a clinical condition or to improve the delivery of care. The purpose of CER is to assist consumers, clinicians, purchasers, and policy makers to make informed decisions that will improve health care at both the individual and population levels.
 * Source:** http://journals.lww.com/lww-medicalcare/Fulltext/2010/06001/Defining_Comparative_Effectiveness_Research__The.3.aspx
 * Focus:** Health
 * Date added:** 05/29/2011

**Definition 6:** Is a type of health care research that compares the results of one approach for managing a disease to the results of other approaches. Comparative effectiveness usually compares two or more types of treatment, such as different drugs, for the same disease. Comparative effectiveness also can compare types of surgery or other kinds of medical procedures and tests. The results often are summarized in a systematic review. Example: Researchers examined the // comparative effectiveness // of drugs used to treat depression. They examined all the studies about using drugs known as antidepressants. The studies looked at how well people's symptoms improved after taking an antidepressant and also examined the occurrence of side effects. The researchers summarized their findings in a systematic review. **Source:** http://www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/index.cfm/glossary-of-terms/?pageaction=showterm&termid=118 **Focus:** Health **Date added:** 05/29/2011


 * Definition 7:** Is "research evaluating and comparing health outcomes and the clinical effectiveness, risks, and benefits of 2 or more medical treatments, services, and items.” “Services and items” includes “health care interventions, protocols for treatment, care management, and delivery, procedures, medical devices, diagnostic tools, pharmaceuticals (including drugs and biologicals), integrative health practices, and any other strategies or items being used in the treatment, management, and diagnosis of, or prevention of illness or injury in, individuals.” “Intervention” refers not only to a specific treatment or diagnostic procedure, but also to a strategy to improve health care delivery or health in general.
 * Source:** http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/29/10/1805.short
 * Focus:** Health
 * Date added:** 06/13/2011


 * Definition 8:** Comparative effectiveness research is designed to inform health-care decisions by providing evidence on the effectiveness, benefits, and harms of different treatment options. The evidence is generated from research studies that compare drugs, medical devices, tests, surgeries, or ways to deliver health care.
 * Source:** http://www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/index.cfm/what-is-comparative-effectiveness-research1/
 * Focus:** Health
 * Date added:** 06/13/2011

**Definition 9:** Is defined as the generation and synthesis of evidence that compares the benefits and harms of alternate methods to prevent, diagnose, treat, and monitor a clinical condition or to improve the delivery of care. **Source:** http://www.painphysicianjournal.com/2010/january/2010;13;E55-E79.pdf **Focus:** Health **Date added:** 06/13/2011