Diffusion+of+Innovations

=Diffusion of Innovations (Innovation Diffusion)=

**Proposed definition:**

**Definition 4:** Innovation diffusion: Innovation diffusion, first defined by Rogers (1983) in studies of the agricultural extension agent in the 1950s, has most often been used to refer to the spread of information about innovations (a particular technology, procedure, or organized body of information), resulting in individual adoption of innovative practices and procedures. Diffusion of health care practices among physicians and other professionals has been the subject of many studies under this topic heading. **Source:** Science Communication http://scx.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/12/3/225 **Focus:** Science

**Why we chose this definition:** It clearly mentions the outcome, contexts, user, and purpose. media type="custom" key="9953839"

Discussion:
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Definitions (n=13)

 * Definition 1:** The study of the diffusion of innovation is the study of how, why, and at what rate new ideas and technology spread through cultures.
 * Source:** Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_of_innovations
 * Focus:** General


 * Definition 2:** The process, by which new ideas are communicated to members of a particular target audience.
 * Source:** http://en.mimi.hu/marketingweb/diffusion_of_innovation.html
 * Focus:** Marketing


 * Definition 3:** The process by which the use of an innovation is spread within a market group, over time and over various categories of adopters.
 * Source:** http://www.marketingpower.com/mg-dictionary-view1048.php
 * Focus:** Marketing

**Definition 4:** Innovation diffusion: Innovation diffusion, first defined by Rogers (1983) in studies of the agricultural extension agent in the 1950s, has most often been used to refer to the spread of information about innovations (a particular technology, procedure, or organized body of information), resulting in individual adoption of innovative practices and procedures. Diffusion of health care practices among physicians and other professionals has been the subject of many studies under this topic heading. **Source:** Science Communication http://scx.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/12/3/225 **Focus:** Science


 * Definition 5:** A body of knowledge built around empirical work that demonstrated a consistent pattern of adoption of new ideas over time by people in a social system.
 * Source:** Greenhalgh T, Robert G, Bate P, Macfarlane F, Kyriakidou O. Diffusion of innovations in health service organizations. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.; 2005.
 * Focus:** Health Care


 * Definition 6:** Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system (5).
 * Source:** http://www.stanford.edu/class/symbsys205/Diffusion%20of%20Innovations.htm
 * Focus:** Social Science


 * Definition 7:** DoI Theory is concerned with the manner in which a new technological idea, artefact or technique, or a new use of an old one, migrates from creation to use. According to DoI theory, technological innovation is communicated through particular channels, over time, among the members of a social system.
 * Source:** http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/SOS/InnDiff.html
 * Focus:** Technology

(1) innovation - an idea, practices, or objects that is perceived as knew by an individual or other unit of adoption. (2) communication channels - the means by which messages get from one individual to another. (3) time - the three time factors are: (a) innovation-decision process (b) relative time with which an innovation is adopted by an individual or group. (c) innovation's rate of adoption. (4) social system - a set of interrelated units that are engaged in joint problem solving to accomplish a common goal.
 * Definition 8:** In his comprehensive book Diffusion of Innovation, Everett Rogers defines diffusion as the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system. Rogers' definition contains four elements that are present in the diffusion of innovation process. The four main elements are:
 * Source:** http://www.ciadvertising.org/studies/student/98_fall/theory/hornor/paper1.html
 * Focus:** Social Science


 * Definition 9:** DOI theory sees innovations as being communicated through certain channels over time and within a particular social system (Rogers, 1995). Individuals are seen as possessing different degrees of willingness to adopt innovations and thus it is generally observed that the portion of the population adopting an innovation is approximately normally distributed over time (Rogers, 1995). Breaking this normal distribution into segments leads to the segregation of individuals into the following five categories of individual innovativeness (from earliest to latest adopters): innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, laggards (Rogers, 1995). Members of each category typically possess certain distinguishing characteristics as shown below:
 * innovators - venturesome, educated, multiple info sources * early adopters - social leaders, popular,educated * early majority - deliberate, many informal social contacts * late majority - skeptical, traditional, lower socio-economic status * laggards - neighbours and friends are main info sources, fear of debt
 * Source:** http://www.istheory.yorku.ca/diffusionofinnovations.htm
 * Focus:** Social Science


 * Definition 10:** Diffusion is the process by which (1) an innovation (2) is communicated through certain channels (3) over time (4) among the members of a social system. Diffusion is a special type of communication concerned with the spread of messages that are perceived as new ideas. The four main elements in the diffusion of new ideas are (1) the innovation, (2) communication channels, (3) time, and (4) the social system (Figure 2). ...An innovation is an idea, practice, or object that is perceived as new by an individual or other unit of adoption. The characteristics of an innovation, as perceived by the members of a social system, determine its rate of adoption.
 * Source:** http://nnlm.gov/archive/pnr/eval/rogers.html
 * Focus:** Social Science


 * Definition 11:** Marketing Dictionary: diffusion of innovation - Describes the manner in which a product is disseminated in the marketplace. The diffusion of innovation spans an unspecified period of time from new product introduction through market saturation and affects the total sales level of a product. Diffusion of innovation relates to products such as the telephone answering machine, home computer, or microwave oven, which had few users when initially introduced but became popular additions to American homes over time. Wikipedia: Diffusion of innovations - The study of the diffusion of innovation is the study of how, why, and at what rate new ideas and technology spread through cultures.
 * Source:** http://www.answers.com/topic/diffusion-of-innovations?cat=biz-fin
 * Focus:** Marketing & Social Science


 * Definition 12:** Diffusion of Innovation (DI) refers to its spread through a population of potential adopters.
 * Source:** http://disc-nt.cba.uh.edu/chin/digit98/panel1.pdf
 * Focus:** Information Systems


 * Definition 13:** The dispersion of new products, practices and ideas in a population is the basic process underlying societal change. To understand these processes, many researchers have studied factors that determine the speed and the degree with which new products, practices and ideas propagate through a society (Rogers, 1995). This process is addressed as innovation diffusion and has been widely studied using field data...
 * Source:** http://dissertations.ub.rug.nl/faculties/feb/2007/s.a.delre/
 * Focus:** Marketing