Evidence+Based+Medicine

=Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) / Evidence-Based Clinical Practice/ Evidence-Based Healthcare/ Evidence Informed Practice=

We consider the above terms to be more or less equivalent. Definitions for the terms can be found below.


 * Evidence- Based Medicine (EBM)**


 * Definition 1:** Evidence based medicine is "the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of the individual patient. The practice of evidence based medicine means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research."
 * Source:** Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't.(Sackett D, 1996)
 * Focus:** Health care
 * Date Added:** November 2012


 * Definition 2:** Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values.
 * by best research evidence we mean clinically relevant research, often from the basic sciences of medicine, but especially from patient centered clinical research into the accuracy and precision of diagnostic tests (including the clinical examination), the power of prognostic markers, and the efficacy and safety of therapeutic, rehabilitative, and preventive regimens. New evidence from clinical research both invalidates previously accepted diagnostic tests and treatments and replaces them with new ones that are more powerful, more accurate, more efficacious, and safer.
 * by clinical expertise we mean the ability to use our clinical skills and past experience to rapidly identify each patient's unique health state and diagnosis, their individual risks and benefits of potential interventions, and their personal values and expectations.
 * by patient values we mean the unique preferences, concerns and expectations each patient brings to a clinical encounter and which must be integrated into clinical decisions if they are to serve the patient.
 * Source:** @http://ktclearinghouse.ca/cebm/intro/whatisebm
 * Focus:** Health care
 * Date Added:** November 2012


 * Definition 3:** EBM is the integration of clinical expertise, patient values, and the best evidence into the decision making process for patient care. Clinical expertise refers to the clinician's cumulated experience, education and clinical skills. The patient brings to the encounter his or her own personal and unique concerns, expectations, and values. The best evidence is usually found in clinically relevant research that has been conducted using sound methodology. (Sackett D, 2002). The Steps in the EBM Process are:
 * 1) Start with the patient -- a clinical problem or question arises out of the care of the patient
 * 2) Construct a well built clinical question derived from the case
 * 3) Select the appropriate resource(s) and conduct a search
 * 4) Appraise that evidence for its validity (closeness to the truth) and applicability (usefulness in clinical practice)
 * 5) Return to the patient -- integrate that evidence with clinical expertise, patient preferences and apply it to practice
 * 6) Evaluate your performance with this patient
 * Source:** @http://www.usd.edu/library/evidence-based-medicine-model.cfm
 * Focus:** Health care
 * Date Added:** December 2012


 * Evidence- Based Practice (EBP)**


 * Evidence- Based Clinical Practice**


 * Definition 1:** Decisions about patient care based on the best research evidence available, rather than on personal opinions or common practice (which may not always be evidence-based).
 * Source:** @http://www.nice.org.uk/website/glossary/glossary.jsp?alpha=E
 * Focus:** Health care
 * Date Added:** December 2012


 * Evidence- Based Healthcare**


 * Definition 1:** Evidence-Based Healthcare - Extends the application of evidence-based medicine principles to interdisciplinary health care.
 * Source:** @http://www.acestar.uthscsa.edu/terminology.asp
 * Focus:** Health care
 * Date Added:** December 2012


 * Evidence Informed Practice**


 * Definition 1:** Evidence-informed practice should be understood as excluding non-scientific prejudices and superstitions, but also as leaving ample room for clinical experience as well as the constructive and imaginative judgements of practitioners and clients who are in constant interaction and dialogue with one another.
 * Source:** The Myth of Evidence-Based Practice: Towards Evidence-Informed Practice (Nevo 2011)
 * Focus:** Social Work
 * Date Added:** December 2012

Evidence informed practice = Practice knowledge and experience + service user and carer wishes and experiences + research evidence
 * Definition 2:** Evidence informed practice is the process of decision making where the decisions are informed by evidence from a whole range of sources, including:
 * practice knowledge and experience (including professional wisdom and values, law and policy,
 * knowledge from and about the community, the opinion of colleagues and other professionals and ‘gut feelings’)
 * evidence from research.
 * Source:** @https://www.sheffield.gov.uk/caresupport/us/eip/eipmodel.html
 * Focus:** Social Work
 * Date Added:** December 2012


 * Definition 3:** Evidence-informed practice is a problem-solving process in which practitioners are active stakeholders, not passive recipients.
 * Source:** @http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18405256
 * Focus:** Health care
 * Date Added:** December 2012